Thursday, 8 September 2022

NASA’s Experiment MOXIE successfully creates oxygen on Mars

08 September 2022
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NASA’s Experiment MOXIE successfully creates oxygen on Mars

NASA’s Experiment MOXIE: An gadget the size of a lunchbox (MOXIE by NASA) is demonstrating its ability to consistently carry out the work of a tiny tree on the red and dusty surface of Mars, some 100 million miles from Earth. Since April 2021, roughly two months after it landed on the Martian surface as part of NASA’s Perseverance rover and Mars 2020 mission, the MIT-led Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment, or MOXIE, has been producing oxygen from the Red Planet’s carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere.

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Table of Contents

NASA’s Experiment MOXIE: Key Points

  • Researchers say that by the end of 2021, MOXIE was able to manufacture oxygen on seven experimental runs, in a variety of atmospheric circumstances, including day and night and throughout the Martian seasons, according to a paper published in the journal Science Advances.
  • The instrument produced six grammes of oxygen per hour on each run, or roughly the same amount as a small tree on Earth.
  • According to researchers, a scaled-up MOXIE may be transported to Mars before a human trip to create oxygen continually at the rate of several hundred trees.
  • At that capacity, the system should be able to produce enough oxygen to support people once they arrive as well as power a rocket for astronauts returning to Earth.
  • As of now, MOXIE’s consistent output represents a positive first step in that direction.
  • This is the first instance of utilising materials from the surface of another planetary body and chemically converting them into something useful for a human mission.

NASA’s Experiment MOXIE: Authors and Co-authors

The MOXIE team members Jason SooHoo, Andrew Liu, Eric Hinterman, Maya Nasr, Shravan Hariharan, Kyle Horn, and Parker Steen are among the co-authors from MIT alongside Hoffman and Hecht. Additionally, there are contributors from various other institutions, such as NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which oversaw MOXIE’s development, flight software, packaging, and testing before launch.

NASA’s Experiment MOXIE: Current Design

The current MOXIE is built to run for brief times, starting up and shutting down with each run, depending on the rover’s exploration schedule and mission tasks. It is compact by design to fit within the Perseverance rover. A complete oxygen factory, however, would include larger units that ideally ran continually. MOXIE has demonstrated that, despite the inevitable trade-offs in its current architecture, it is capable of reliably and effectively converting Mars’ atmosphere into pure oxygen.

08th September Daily Current Affairs 2022: Today GK Updates for Bank Exam

08 September 2022
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08th September Daily Current Affairs 2022: Today GK Updates for Bank Exam

Daily GK updates are incorporated with the important news that made the current affairs headlines for banking or other competitive exams. Daily GK Update is the complete bag of important news that is held all day long. One should have complete knowledge about banking terms, current affairs news, etc. So, here is the GK update for 08th September 2022 to help you prepare the Current affairs part. After reading this section, you can successfully attempt Current Affairs Quiz. 

Here is the Daily GK Update of the 08th September 2022 covering the following news headlines: NALSA Centre, Shikshak Parv, Pudhumai Penn Scheme, TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan, MOXIE, International Literacy Day 2022. 

Top 19 Daily GK Updates: National & International News 

Here is providing below the top 19 important Daily General Knowledge 2022 updates with national & international news.

National News

1. CJI inaugurated NALSA Centre for Citizen Services

  • The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) Centre for Citizen Services, was inaugurated by Chief Justice of India Uday Umesh Lalit.
  • The space at Jaisalmer House which was provided to NALSA would be utilised for the establishment of Legal Assistance Centre for Citizens, Legal Assistance Centre for NRIs, Training Centre, and Digital Command Centre for providing futuristic legal services across the country.
  • The NALSA has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to provide free Legal Services to the weaker sections of the society.
  • Its purpose is to provide free legal services to eligible candidates, and to organize Lok Adalats for the speedy resolution of cases.

2. Health Sector in India To Reach $50 Billion By 2025

  • India's healthcare industry is expected to grow to hit $50 billion in size by 2025, said Union minister Jitendra Singh. Addressing the 14th CII Global MedTech Summit, “Seizing the Global Opportunity", the minister said that under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, healthcare has become more focused on innovation and technology over the past two years.
  • About 80% of the healthcare system aims to increase investment in digital healthcare tools in the coming five years.
  • The minister added that the prime objective of the government is to reduce import dependence from 80% to below 30% in next 10 years and ensure self-reliance quotient of 80% in med-tech through Make in India with SMART milestones.

3. PM Modi to unveil statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, dedicate Kartavya Path 

  • PM Modi to unveil statue of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: The newly named Kartavya Path, which runs from Rashtrapati Bhavan to India Gate and features red granite walkways with vegetation all around, renovated canals, state-specific food stalls, new utility blocks, and vending kiosks, will be unveiled by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
  • The government claims that it represents a change from the former Rajpath, which served as a symbol of power, to Kartavya Path, which serves as an illustration of public ownership and empowerment.

4. India's first RRTS corridor to use an app-based token-free ticketing system 

  • India's first RRTS corridor: The nation's first Regional Rapid Transit System (India's first RRTS corridor), the Delhi-Meerut RRTS line, would incorporate an automatic fare collection (AFC) system and tickets with QR codes for riders.
  • In order to purchase the AFC system, the National Capital Region Transport Corporation (NCRTC) recently announced that it has requested bids in accordance with the Modi administration's "Make In India" standards.
  • The contactless method of entry and exit will be seamless, comfortable, simple, and quick with the AFC system. The NCRTC will also offer QR code tickets, which can be generated digitally on a website or mobile application.

5. Ministry of Education launches Shikshak Parv to advance NEP 

  • Ministry of Education launches Shikshak Parv: Shikshak Parv was launched by Union Ministers Annapurna Devi and Rajkumar Ranjan Singh to honour teachers and advance the new National Education Policy (NEP).
  • An inaugural colloquium hosted by the Ministry of Education, CBSE, AICTE, and the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship marked the beginning of Shikshak Parv.
  • According to Minister of State (MoS) for Education Annapurna Devi, under NEP 2020, teachers will have to work on the future action plan as per the notion of an integrated and interdisciplinary approach.
  • Teachers are vital in developing students' characteristics and building a value-based society, aligning with the NEP.
  • The teacher's strong coordination and cooperation are the key to helping pupils develop their abilities and character.

International News

6. Suella Braverman: UK's new Home Secretary of Indian Origin

  • Suella Braverman is UK's new Home Secretary: Liz Truss, the new British prime minister, named Suella Braverman, a lawyer of Indian descent, as the country's new home secretary. Priti Patel, who is of Indian descent, will be replaced in the position by Suella Braverman.
  • Suella Braverman, a 42-year-old Conservative Party member from Fareham in southeast England, previously worked for the Boris Johnson administration as the attorney general.
  • Suella Braverman attended Queens College in Cambridge after completing her legal studies at Heathfield School in London. Suella Braverman earned a Master's degree in European and French law from the University of Paris 1, Pantheon-Sorbonne, and afterwards became admitted to practise law in New York.

States News

7. Tamil Nadu Government launched "Pudhumai Penn Scheme" for girl students 

  • Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin has launched the Moovalur Ramamirtham Ammaiyar Higher Education Assurance scheme titled 'Pudhumai Penn' at a function in Chennai, in the presence of Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal.
  • Mr Kejriwal also unveiled 26 schools of excellence and 15 model schools set up by the Tamil Nadu government emulating the model by his AAP government in Delhi.
  • Pudhumai Penn scheme, girl students, who studied from Class V to Class XII in state government schools would be paid monthly assistance of Rs 1,000 till they complete their graduation or diploma.
  • The scheme aims to benefit six lakh girls every year and Rs 698 crore has been allocated in the budget for its implementation.

Appointments News

8. MEA: Sanjay Verma appointed as next high commissioner of India to Canada 

  • Senior diplomat Sanjay Kumar Verma has been appointed as India’s next high commissioner to Canada. He succeeds Acting High Commissioner Anshuman Gaur. Verma is a 1988 batch officer of the Indian Foreign Service and is currently the ambassador of India to Japan.
  • He is expected to take up the Canada assignment shortly. Among other postings, Verma has served in Indian missions in Hong Kong, China, Vietnam and Turkey. He has also served as Consul General of India in Milan, Italy.

9. IndiGo appoints Aviation industry veteran Pieter Elbers as the new CEO

  • Peiter Elbers assumed the charge of Indigo's chief executive officer, over three months after he was announced as the replacement for outgoing CEO Ronojoy Dutta. Elbers, the former chief executive of KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, was named as the next CEO by IndiGo on May 18, 2022.
  • He has been at the helm of KLM since 2014. The 52-year-old is also a member of the executive committee of the Air France – KLM Group. Elbers had started his career in 1992 with KLM and, over the past three decades, held several managerial positions in the company in both the Netherlands and overseas in Japan, Greece and Italy.

Agreements News

10. NIESBUD, IIE and ISB Signs MoU to offer Entrepreneurial Programmes to India’s Youth 

  • The National Institute for Entrepreneurship and Small Business Development (NIESBUD) and the Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE), under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE), signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) individually with the Indian School of Business (ISB), which is a top-ranking global business school.
  • The agreement is signed to offer world-class management education through entrepreneurial programs targeted toward youth and job-seeking entrepreneurs.

Banking News

11. HDFC ERGO to build online insurance platform on Google Cloud 

  • HDFC ERGO General Insurance has roped in Google Cloud to build an online platform for selling insurance. HDFC ERGO plans to completely migrate to the cloud by 2024.
  • This online platform for selling insurance, offering tailored digital experiences to customers, responding to regulatory changes faster, and identifying insurance risks using data analytics and machine learning (ML).
  • Google Cloud will also assist the insurance provider with IT systems integration and building new applications. Google will also provide them AI/ML technologies to build predictive insights and mitigate insurance fraud.
  • Google Cloud enables us to efficiently unlock the full potential of HDFC ERGO’s wide insurance solutions. This partnership underscores our commitment to delivering a seamless user experience by digitising the customer journey end-to-end.”

Important takeaways for all competitive exams:

  • HDFC ERGO General Insurance CEO: Ritesh Kumar;
  • HDFC ERGO General Insurance Headquarters: Mumbai;
  • HDFC ERGO General Insurance Founded: 2002.

Schemes News

12. President Droupadi Murmu to launch ‘TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan’

  • President Draupadi Murmu will launch the Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan virtually on 9th September 2022. The Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan aims to eliminate tuberculosis from India by 2025.
  • Prime Minister Narendra Modi has given a distinctive call to end TB in India giving years ahead of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of 2030. 
  • Along with this Presentation, Murmu will also launch the Ni-Kshay Mitra initiative which forms a vital component of the Campaign. The Ni-Kshay Mitra initiative will provide a platform for the donors to help TB patients who are undergoing treatment. The donors will be called Ni-Kshay Mitras, and the donation will include nutritional, additional diagnostic, and volcanic support.

13. I-STEM Initiative Launched Women in Engineering, Science, and Technology (WEST)

  • Women in Engineering, Science, and Technology (WEST) is a new I-STEM (Indian Science Technology and Engineering Facility Map) Initiative. The WEST initiative was launched by Dr. Pravinder Maini, Scientific Secretary, Office of Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government of India.
  • The WEST program aims to empower women to contribute to the science, technology, and innovation system. I-STEM is a national web portal that is used to share research equipment/facilities and is the umbrella under which many programs for promoting collaborations in R&D, and technological innovation among and between academia and industry.

Science and Technology News

14. India & UK Conducts Counter Ransomware Exercise for 26 Nations

  • The National Security Council Secretariat (NSCS) and the UK government has jointly conducted the virtual Cyber Security Exercise for 26 countries. The exercise is a part of the India-led International Counter Ransomware Initiative- Resilience Working Group, facilitated by the British Aerospace (BAE) Systems.
  • The exercise is a part of the India-led International Counter Ransomware Initiative- Resilience Working Group, facilitated by the British Aerospace (BAE) Systems. The exercise is a part of the India-led International Counter Ransomware Initiative- Resilience Working Group, facilitated by the British Aerospace (BAE) Systems.
  • These companies are responsible for the distribution of electricity to domestic customers and are the last link to the public supply. The exercise explores the complexity of decision-making around response to ransomware on Critical National Infrastructure.

15. NASA's Experiment MOXIE successfully creates oxygen on Mars

  • NASA's Experiment MOXIE: An gadget the size of a lunchbox (MOXIE by NASA) is demonstrating its ability to consistently carry out the work of a tiny tree on the red and dusty surface of Mars, some 100 million miles from Earth.
  • Since April 2021, roughly two months after it landed on the Martian surface as part of NASA's Perseverance rover and Mars 2020 mission, the MIT-led Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment, or MOXIE, has been producing oxygen from the Red Planet's carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere.

Important Days

16. International Literacy Day 2022 celebrates on 08th September

  • International Literacy Day (ILD) is celebrated on 8 September every year all across the globe to make people aware of the meaning and importance of literacy for individuals and societies.
  • The day spread awareness about the importance of literacy for individuals, communities, and societies and the need for intensified efforts towards more literate societies.
  • This year’s International Literacy Day will be celebrated worldwide under the theme, "Transforming Literacy Learning Spaces" and will be an opportunity to rethink the fundamental importance of literacy learning spaces to build resilience and ensure quality, equitable, and inclusive education for all.

Important takeaways for all competitive exams:

  • UNESCO Founded: 16 November 1945;
  • UNESCO Headquarters: Paris, France;
  • UNESCO Members: 193 countries;
  • UNESCO Head: Audrey Azoulay.

Obituaries News

17. Indian boxer Birju Sah passes away

  • Indian boxer, Birju Sah has passed away recently, the first Indian boxer to win medals at both the Asian and Commonwealth Games. He was 48. He won bronze medals at both the Commonwealth & Asian Games in 1994.
  • Sah’s first significant international success came at 19 in the 1993 Asian Junior Championships in Bangkok, Thailand. He took bronze in the light flyweight (45-48kg) division. The success on the continental stage was noticed by the Indian boxing federation which selected Birju Sah for the senior national camp.

18. Carnatic vocalist TV Sankaranarayanan passes away

  • Renowned Carnatic musician, TV Sankaranarayan has passed away. He was 77. He was the torchbearer for the Madurai Mani Iyer style of Carnatic music. He had shared several stages with Madurai Mani Iyer.
  • He won the Madras Music Academy’s Sangeeta Kalanidhi Award in 2003 and was honoured with the Padma Bhushan in 2003. He was the son of musicians Tiruvalangal Vembu Iyer and Gomati Ammal.

Miscellaneous News

19. 3 Indian cities join the UNESCO network of learning cities

  • Warangal and two cities from Kerala have joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities (GNLC) in recognition of their outstanding efforts to make lifelong learning a reality for all at the local level.
  • Warangal in Telangana, Thrissur and Nilambur are among the 77 cities from 44 countries which have joined this network of the world body. Other cities that have joined the network are the Ukrainian capital Kyiv, Durban in South Africa and Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) among others.
  • The 77 new members bring the total number of cities within the UNESCO GNLC to 294 in 76 countries, UNESCO. The new UNESCO learning cities were added to the network following their nomination by the National Commissions for UNESCO in the concerned countries and the recommendations of a jury of experts.

International Literacy Day 2022 celebrates on 08th September

08 September 2022
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International Literacy Day 2022 celebrates on 08th September

International Literacy Day (ILD) is celebrated on 8 September every year all across the globe to make people aware of the meaning and importance of literacy for individuals and societies. The day spread awareness about the importance of literacy for individuals, communities, and societies and the need for intensified efforts towards more literate societies.

Table of Contents

International Literacy Day 2022: Theme

This year’s International Literacy Day will be celebrated worldwide under the theme, “Transforming Literacy Learning Spaces” and will be an opportunity to rethink the fundamental importance of literacy learning spaces to build resilience and ensure quality, equitable, and inclusive education for all.

International Literacy Day 2022: Significance

On this International Literacy Day which is celebrated on 8 September, let’s spread awareness about the importance of literacy for individuals, communities, and societies. Students celebrate this day to raise awareness and concern for literacy problems that exist all across.

International Literacy Day 2022: Activities for Students

Here are some of the interesting activities that students can indulge themselves in to keep themselves busy on this international literacy day:

  • Donate books to classrooms
  • Gift a book to yourself and your friends
  • Start a community lending library
  • Schedule a video conferencing session with an author.

International Literacy Day: History

UNESCO declared this day as an opportunity for governments, civil society and stakeholders to highlight improvements in world literacy rates, and reflect on the world’s remaining literacy challenges.

The 14th session of UNESCO’s General Conference on October 26, 1966, declared September 8 as International Literacy Day. And since 1967, celebrations have taken place annually around the world on this day to spread awareness about the importance of literacy to individuals, society, and communities.

Important takeaways for all competitive exams:

  • UNESCO Founded: 16 November 1945;
  • UNESCO Headquarters: Paris, France;
  • UNESCO Members: 193 countries;
  • UNESCO Head: Audrey Azoulay.